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2.3 Problems Identification

The committee staff members of the organization identified various problems in association with community based organization by using various participatory tools, survey mentioned below:

  • 80% of the people are under below poverty line

  • 98% of them belong to Tribal (Adivasi) communities.

  • Livelihood insecurity and alternative livelihood opportunities.

  • Majority of Tribal are landless and daily laborer

  • Adivasi communities undertake shifting cultivation and responsible for reduction of forest

  • coverage resulted to global warming like situation

  • More than 80 percent of the population lives below the poverty line;

  • Low levels of literacy in Tribal and tribal communities

  • Rural to urban and intrastate migration of male populations;

  • Trafficking of women and girls into prostitution and low status of women, leading to an inability to negotiate safe sex

  • Ineffective local administration leads to inaccessibility of service delivery system.

  • High stigma related to sex and sexuality, structured commercial sex and casual sex with non-regular partners and Male resistance to condom use;

  • High prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)

  • Tribal and Adivasis are excluded from mainstream society because of their caste identity

  • Livelihood depend upon traditional agriculture, forest produce and asymmetrical availability of daily wages

  • Poor participation in governance

  • Lack of access financial and non financial services like micro credit, micro pension, micro insurance, market linkage and institutional building linkage

 

To identify and priorities the problems, RURAL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATION (RESDO) conducted a need assessment survey among the beneficiaries and CBOs. Discussions have also been conducted among the PRI members, and SHGs. Please refer the following problem tree analysis for detailed understanding on the problems existing in the communities and its effects. Government implementing anti-poverty programs, elimination of hunger schemes, Employment Assurance Scheme (EAS), Public Distribution System (PDS), Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) and Mid-day Meal Scheme has been introduced. All the above schemes are aimed at improving the living conditions of the poor by directly involving the appropriate target groups. Still livelihood is the major problem for tribal. The main problems of the target area that affects the beneficiaries are mentioned below at three levels People Level, Process Level, Policy and Institutions level.

1. People Level:

  • Traditional norms and values discriminate against the participation of women in decision making in family and community.

  • Women in tribal have low levels of education and the division of labor discriminates against women.

  • Workload of women in tribal has increased and forced many women to work as agricultural laborers and to take up other types of unskilled employment in addition to their already heavy workload.

2. Process level

  • Lack of marketing demand for forest products

  • Lack of poor skills in agricultural development activities

  • Lack of knowledge on scientific agricultural including vegetable cultivation

  • Lack of information and capacity on alternative livelihood options like

  • Middle man exploitation and unable to access directly market

3. Policy and Institutional Level:

  • Lack of access to government livelihood entitlements viz Public Distribution System, Pensions and other social security systems and poor implementation of government schemes at grassroots level.

  • Poor women participation in Panchayat Raj System (PRI) and other governance systems.

  • Many SHGs among Tribal communities have difficulty in accessing these resources because they lack voice, confidence, basic administrative skills and capacity and capability in negotiating with, and accessing support from rural banks, resource and marketing agencies.

  • Substantial numbers of poorer households are outside of the SHG fold.

  • Lack of capacity building activities for SHG and Cooperatives in the field of vocational training and micro-enterprise promotion.

  • The lack of financial resources and access to sources of credit needed for investments in productive assets, to meet operational expenses and to cover consumption needs during periods with little or no income is among the major problems and livelihood constraints identified by members of tribal

  • Lack of strong community based institutions

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